Hot-air furnace.



R. W. BAILY HOT AIR FURNACE APPLICATION FILED APR.24, 1914.

1, 1 Y Patented Oct. 20, 1914. s SHEETS-SHEET 1. 5

ELF y? WITNESSES: INA EH70 5&56577/5/7/1? B. W. BAILY..

HOT AIR FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.24, 1914.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

R. W. BAILY.

HOT AIR FURNACE.

APPLICATION FILED APR.24, 1914.

1,114,669. Patented 0ct.20,1914.-

3 SHEETS-SHEET 3.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ROBERT WILLIAM BAILY, OF OSKALOOSA, IOWA, ASSIGNOB, TO INTERSTATE MANU-FAGTURING-COMPANY, 01E OSKALOOSA, IOWA, A CORPORATION OF IOWA.

noT Am runnn'cn;

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Oct. 20, 1914.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that-l, ROBERT W. BAIIAF, acitizen of the United States, and a resldent of .Oskaloosa, in thecounty of Mahaska and State of Iowa, have made certain new and usefulImprovements in Hot-Air Furnaces, of which the following is aspecification.

My invention is an improvement in hot air furnaces, and has for itsobject to provide a furnace of the character specified, wherein the firebox or pot is lined with metallic liners or sections, instead of withfire brick, and wherein the sections are arranged in such manner thatthey may be easily removed and replaced, and wherein the said liners orsections are so arranged that they will assist in the completecombustion of the fuel.

In the drawings :Figure 1 is a perspec tive view of the improved furnacelooking from the front, and with parts broken away, Fig. 2 is a sectiontaken substantially on the line 22 of Fig. 1, and looking in thedirection of the arrow, Fig. 3 is an enlarged detail of a portion of therear of the grate supporting frame, Fig. 4 is a similar view of thefront of the supporting frame, Fig. 5 is a top lan view of a portion ofone of the grate bars, Fig. 6 is a section on the line 66 of Fig. 5,looking in the direction of the arrow, Fig. 7 is a per spective view ofa portion of the fire box from within, Fig. 8 is a section on the line88 of Fig. 7, Fig. 9 is a side and front view of one of the supportingbrackets for the lower portion of the lining, Fig. 10 is a front andside view of the upper bracket, Fig. 11 is a side view of a bolt, Figs.12,

13 and 14 are transverse sections of the casing near the top thereof,being 511 ported in a manner to be presently escribed, and the saidradiator has a central rearwardly extending outlet pipe B, forconnection with a flue, the said pipe passing through the wall of theouter casing A at the rear thereof.

The radiator B has its ends at the front of the casing A, and the saidends are bent inwardly, and are provided with marginal flanges U, whichabut against similar flanges U at the outer ends of nipples D extend nglaterally from the sides of the fire box or furnace proper D, nearthefront thereof, and the flanges are riveted together, as indicatedmore especially in Fig. 1. The fire box is approximately elliptical incross sect1on, or more nearly of horse shoe shape, the heel of the shoebeing at the front, and at the said front the fire box is provided withan opening to which is connected a substantially rectangular frame C,the said frame partially closing the front, and providing openings forthe admission of fuel and for the removal of ashes. The main casing A isalso provided with an opening at its front, encircled by a frame A andthe frame is provided with extensions A extending radially inward, andabutting the sides of the fire box, to close the space between the firebox and the main casing at this point. A door D is hinged to the frameC, as indicated at D the said door closin the opening. A grate isprovided, the said grate comprising a series of shafts F journaled in,the fire box, in horizontal position, and, in the same plane, and eachshaft. is provided with a series of substantially triangulanextensionsF. It will be noticed that the corners of the grate bars are rounded,and the bars are similarly arranged on the shafts, so that any side ofthe bars may be brought upward to form a support for the fuel. Each ofthe shafts F is annularly reduced at its rear end, as shown at Fig. 2,and the shafts are journaled in grate supporting bars G at the rear ofthe fire box. The supporting bar is (provided with open bearings G, andthe re uced portions F of the shafts fit within the bear ngs.

The bearin s G are reduced at their upper parts, as indicated in Fig. 3,so that the shafts will not be easily disengaged. A sup: porting bar Pis provided for supporting the front ends of the shafts, the said framebeing arranged transversely of the door opening, and being provided onits under edge with notches or recesses P arranged at spaced intervals,and at intervals corresponding to the spacing of the bearings G.

A hook H is pivoted to the supporting bar P at each of the notches P,and the said hooks are adapted to engage beneath the shafts F, tosupport the said shafts for oscillating movement, as shown in Fig. 4:.The front ends of the shafts are of triangular cross section, as shownin Fig. 1, for engagement by a tool to oscillate the shafts, when it isdesired to stir the fire. The casing of the fire box D is provided witha lining, shown more especially in Fig. 7. The lining is seetional, andeach of the sections consists of a plate E, of arc shape transversely tofit the inner face of the casing, and the plates are arranged with theirside edges abutting, or the plates-may be spaced apart a slightdistance, to permit the admission of air from the ash pit over the topof the fire.

Each of the plates E, as shown more especially in Figs. 12 to 14inclusive is provided intermediate its side edges with a laterallyoffset portion E. The portions E are offset inwardly with respect to theplatesv and each of the said portions is shaped as indicated in Figs. 12to 14:, being of approximately equal depth from the bottom of the plateto near the top, at which point it gradually decreases finally merginginto the level of the plate.

A space is thus provided betweenthe offset portion E of each section ofthe lining and the inner face of the casing of the fire box, and each ofthe sections is provided.

with a longitudinally extending series of openings V at its upper end,for providing a communication between the said space or passage and theinterior of the fire box. The sections are held in place by means ofbrackets Q and R shown in Figs. 9 and 10, the bracket Q, being at thelower end of the section, and thebracket R at the upper end. Each of thebrackets R has its ends ofi'set laterally in the same direction from thebody and connected thereto, and each of the ends is provided with anopening R, for receiving rivets X to secure the said ends to the rearface of the section, at the offset por tion E.

The body of each of the brackets R is provided with a key hole slot Rand each of the slots is adapted to permit the passage of the head of abolt S connected with the casing of the fire box D. It will be notedthat the head of each of the bolts is frusto-conical,

the section is permitted to be moved downward the head will engage thesmall end of the slotto lock the section to the casing at the upper endof the section.

Each of the brackets Q, consists of two parallel portions offsetlaterally with respect to each other, one of the portions having anopening Q, for receiving a rivet X to connect the bracket to thesection, and the other portion of each of the brackets is provided witha longitudinally extending slot or recess Q} for engaging the head of abolt S. The bolts S are passed through the casing of the fire box D fromwithin outward and are engaged by the nuts on the outer face of the saidcasing.

v The slots R and Q engage the heads of the bolts, to connect thesections to the easing. It will be noted from an inspection of Fig. 8,that at its lower end each of the sections is bent laterally inward awayfrom the casing wall. An open passage is thus provided between each ofthe lining sections and the casing wall, the passage opening at thebottom of the section directly into the interior of the furnace, andopening at its top by way of the openings W.

Any of the lining sections may be released from the fire box wall bypushing it upward, as indicated in Fig. 8. The sections are thus easilyremoved and replaced. A pan I is supported from the top of the outercasing A, by means of angle brackets Each of the said brackets has oneof its portions secured to the top of the casing, and the other portionsecured to the pan, and the pan is thus supported by the top of thecasing. The angle brackets are long enough to space the upper edge ofthe pan below the top, so

that the Water evaporated from the pan may have free escape. A pipe Kextends through thewall of the cap A, at the front thereof, over thepan, the inner end of the pipe delivering to the pan. The outer end ofthe pipe is connected with a funnel L secured to the outer surface ofthe casing A and it A second pipe M is arranged below the pipe K, thesaid pipe opening at its inner end through the side Wall of the pan, andat its outer end through an extension L from the funnel. The extension Lof the funnel is riveted to the casing wall, to hold the funnel inplace. It will he noted from an inspection of Fig. 1 that the outercasing consists in fact of two sections exclusive of the cap. Thesections are connected together and the cap is connected to the uppersection by means of arc-shaped strips A. One of the strips is arrangedbetween the sections of the casing and the other strip is arrangedbetween the upper section and the cap.

Each of the strips has a central bead, and

the head is arranged between the meeting ends of the sections, andbetween the edge of the'cap and the adj acent end of the upper section.The lining for the fire box, that is the sections E are of wrought ironor steel, or of cast iron, and they are of sufiicient thicknessitoenable them to withstand the destructive effect of the heat, while atthe same time they are not too thick to prevent the heating of the bodyof the casing D, to

permit the heating of the air between the. fire box and the outercasing. As is known, fire brick when used for the lining of fire boxesor fire pots act as non-conductors of heat, insulating the fire from thecasing wall, in such manner that that portion of: the box or pot wallcovered by the brick is I of little or no value for heating purposes. Inaddition, the fire brick are necessarily-of!" such thickness that thecapacity of the the sembling the furnace. It is not even necessary toremove the casing or jacket in the heating chamber, in order to permitaccess to the liners. The bolts S with their frustoconical heads arefirst placed, after which the clips or brackets QR are riveted to theliners. The peculiar shape of the bolt heads cooperates with the shapeof the slots Q -R to wedge or clamp the heads tightly in the openings.

The sides of the liner section fit snugly against the inner face of thefire box or casing from the top of the said liners to near the bottom,and the chamber formed between the liners and the casing wall per mitsthe heated air to pass up through the said chamber and into thecombustion chamber above the fuel. Thus the shape of the liners providesin addition to the reinforcing of the liners means for providing for amore thorough combusti'on of the fuel. The unconsumed gases generated bycombustion will thus be mixed with the heated air rising through therecesses of the liners and entering the combustion chamber openings W.Thus complete combustion will be assured, resulting in economicaloperation.

The liners are also preferably spaced apart slightly at their sideedges, to provide for the admission of air, and also to permit expansionwhen heated, and the bent out lower ends of the liners come directlyabove the grate, serving the function of a grate ring. As is known,incomplete combustion is shown by the escape of black smoke, and a largeamount of the heating value of the fuel passes away into black smoke.With the particular arrangement of the liners there will be no escape ofblack smoke, all of the carbon being consumed, so that combustion issmokeless.

The operation of the improved furnace is as follows :WVith the grate inproper position, and the fire burning, the draft passes by way of theopening for the ash pit, through the burning fuel, and through thepassages between the liners of the fire box wall, to the arc-shapedcasing or heating chamber B, from whence the draft passes by way of theflue. The heated air from the outer casing may be removed in any desiredmanner for use at distant points. The air so heated is moistened by thewater in the pan I, and the said pan may be easily supplied with waterby way of the funnel L. While the method of fastening liners in place ispreferred it is obvious that other methods may be used, the inventionresiding in the particular form of liner section and their detachableconnection with the shell or sides of the combustion chamber.

I claim 1. In a hot air furnace, a firebox, a grate arrangedtransversely of the fire box near its lower end, and a metallicsectional lining connected to the fire box above the grate, the sectionsof the lining being detachable, each of the said sections consisting ofa plate curved transversely to fit the inner face of the fire box, andhaving in its rear face a longitudinally extending groove opening at thelower end of the section and forming a rib on the opposite face of thesection, said lower end being bent inward to extend above the grate, thesaid groove forming a passage between the section and the fire box wallfrom the bottom of the section to near the top thereof, and each sectionhaving openings in the bottom of the groove at the top thereof, andmeans for detachably connecting the sections to the fire box wall, saidmeans comprising a bracket secured to the section at the bottom of thegroove and near the top thereof and having its intermediate portionoffset outwardly away from the section and provided with alongitudinally extending key hole slot, a bracket secured to eachsection near the lower end and in the groove, each of the saidlast-named brackets having its lower end oifset outwardly and providedwith a longitudinally extending slot or recess, and bolts detachablyconnected with the fire box for engagement by the brackets, each bolthaving a frusto-conical head for engaging a notch or a slot.

2. In a hot air furnace, a fire box, a grate arranged transversely ofthe fire box near connected to the fire box above the grate, thesections of the lining being detachable, each of the said sectionsconsisting of a plate curved transversely to fit the inner face of thefire box, and having in its rear face a longitudinally extending grooveopening at the lower end of the section and forming a rib on theopposite face of the section, the outer or rear face of each sectionfitting against the fire box at each side of the groove, said lower endbeing bent outward to extend above the grate,-the said groove forming apassage between the section and the fire box wall from the bottom of thesection to near the top thereof, and each section having openings in thebottom of the groove at t e top thereof, and means for detachablyconnecting the sections to the fire box wall. 4

8. In a hot air furnace, a fire box, a grate arranged transversely ofthe fire box near its lower end, and a metallic sectional liningconnected to the fire box above the grate, the sections of the liningbeing detachable, each of the said sections consisting of a plate curvedtransversely to fit the inner face of the fire box, and having in itsrear face a longitudinally extending groove opening at the lower end ofthe section and forming a rib on the opposite face of the section, theouter or rear face of each section fitting against the fire box at eachside of the groove, said lower end being bent outward to extend abovethe grate.

, 4. In a hot air furnace, a fire box, a grate arranged transversely ofthe fire box near its lower end, and a metallicsectional liningconnected to the fire box above the grate, the sections of the liningbeing detachable, each of the said sections consisting of a plate curvedtransversel to fit the inner face of the fire box, and aving in its rearface a longitudinally extending groove opening at the lower end of thesection, the outer or rear face of each section fitting against the firebox at each side of the groove.

5. In a hot air furnace, a fire box, and a sectional lining of metal forthe fire box, each of the said sections consisting of a plate curvedtransversely to fit the inner face of the fire box, the plates beingarranged vertically alongside each other, and with their adjacent edgesspaced apart slightly from each other, each plate having in its convexface a longitudinal groove extending from near the top to the bottom ofthe plate and forming a rib on the concave face, the rear face of eachsection fitting against the fire box at each. side of the groove, meansfor detachably connecting each section to the fire box, each of the saidsections having an opening at its top for placing the groove incommunication with the interior of the fire box, the lower end of eachof the said sections being bent outwardly to lie above the grate, thedetachable connection comprising bolts connected with the fire box nearthe ends of each of the sections, each of the sections having bracketsprovided with offset portions having openings for engagement by theheads of the bolts, the said heads being frustoconical and the openingsof the brackets being of greatest width at their lower ends.

6. In a hot air furnace, a fire box, and a sectional lining of metal forthe fire box, each of the said sections consisting of a plate curvedtransversely to fit the inner face of the fire box, the plates beingarranged vertically alongside each other, and with their adjacent edgesspaced apart slightly from each other, each plate having in its convexface a longitudinal groove extending from near the top to the bottom ofthe plate and forming a rib on the concave face, the rear face of eachsection fitting against the fire box at each side of the groove, meansfor detachably connecting each section to the fire box, each ofthe saidsections having an opening at its top for lacing the groove incommunication with t e interior of the fire box, the lower end of eachof the said sections being bent outwardly to lie above the grate.

, 7. In a hot air furnace, a fire box, and a sectional lining of 'metalfor the fire box, each of the said sections consisting of a plate curvedtransversely to fit the inner face of the fire box, the plates beingarranged vertically alongside each other, and with their adjacent edgesspaced apart slightly from each other, each plate having in its convexface a longitudinal groove extending from near the top to the bottom ofthe plate and forming a rib on the concave face, the rear face of eachsection fitting against the fire box at each side of the groove, meansfor detachably connecting each section to the fire box, and each of thesaid sections having an opening at its top for placing the groove incommunication with the interior of the fire box.

8. In a hot air furnace, a fire box, and a sectional lining of metal forthe fire box, each of the said sections consisting of a plate curvedtransversely to fit the inner face of the fire box, the plates beingarranged vertically alongside each other, and with their adjacent edgesspaced apart slightly from each other, each plate having in its convexface a longitudinal groove extendingfrom near the top to the bottom ofthe plate and forming a rib on the concave face, the rear face of eachsection fitting against the fire box at each side of the groove.

9. In a hot air furnace, a fire box and a sectional lining of metal forthe fire box each section consistin of a plate curve transversely to fitthe inner face of the box,

the plates being arranged alongside each ting against the fire box ateach side of the other with their long axes approximately groove.

vertical each plate having its central por- Y tion spa ced away from thefire box, from the ROBERT VILLIAM BAIL bottom to near the top, andhaving open- Witnesses:

ings through the section at the groove and Ross MALCOLM,

near the top, the rear face of each section fit- C. S. HOWARD.

